Learn how to care for kalanchoe plants
Color is lacking during the colder months, so I am always glad to see new seasonal plants at the stores. One plant I can’t resist is the kalanchoe. The clusters of starlike, cheerful flowers are long-lived and can add a happy note to a gloomy day. Learn more about this flowering succulent!
The laziest gardener is almost guaranteed success. The kalanchoe is very low-maintenance to the point of being practically bullet-proof. The big box stores can’t even kill them!
Who can resist their happy blooms?
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Like other succulent plants, they store water in their thick waxy leaves, so if you forget to water for a few weeks, no problem. Overwatering is more of an issue. Pot them in well-drained, sandy soil; a 50/50 mix of potting soil and cactus soil is perfect. Wait until the soil dries out entirely, then water deeply. Allow the pot to drain before placing it back on a saucer so it doesn’t have to sit in water. Soggy roots mean certain death.
They like bright light but don’t need all-day sun, especially when in flower. To help the blossoms last longer, limit sun to a half day while in bloom. Flowers also last longer if the plant is in a cool room at night—about 45 to 65 degrees.
When your plant has finished flowering, remove the spent blossoms and pinch back any leggy growth to keep the plant bushy. They can grow to be 8 to 12 inches tall. Fertilize it monthly with a low-nitrogen houseplant fertilizer from spring to fall. Never feed it when it is in flower.
It has glossy green leaves with scalloped edges and boasts of four-petalled single flowers.
To have it rebloom next year, you need to limit the amount of light it gets in the fall. Just like a poinsettia, kalanchoe is sensitive to day length, needing the shorter days of fall and winter to set flower buds. Keep the plant in a cool room where it will get only 8 hours of bright light and 14 hours of total darkness daily.
The natural winter darkness starting in October usually is sufficient. Given the plant 4 to 6 weeks of this treatment, it should start to form buds and be ready to blossom in January or February. For Christmas blooms, you’ll have to start the cool, dark treatment earlier.
Some have double flowers that resemble small rosebuds with up to 26 petals each.
There are 125 species of kalanchoe, most native to Madagascar, and many hybrids. There is great variation. Some have hanging bell-like blossoms; others have small sprays of flowers. Some have red paddle-like leaves, while others have gray felted leaves. Some are tall and upright, while others are ground-huggers. The one we see most often around the holidays is Kalanchoe blossfeldiana, called Flaming Katie for its bright colors. It has glossy green leaves with scalloped edges and bears clusters of four-petalled single flowers.
For something completely different, try the Panda plant K. tomentosa. It is pale green with white velvety hairs. In full sun, it will develop reddish/brown dots along the edges of the leaves. It blossoms in winter. It is a slow grower, only needing fertilizer every 6 months, but will eventually grow to be about 18 inches tall. You can prune it to keep it bushy or grow it in a hanger. There are hybrids called ‘Teddy Bear’ and ‘Chocolate Soldier’. One called ‘Super Fuzzy’ lives up to its name and is super fuzzy!
Panda plant is sometimes called pussy ears but don’t let your cat or dog chew on it. Like all kalanchoes, it is toxic to pets. See more plants that are poisonous for pets.
Learn how to care for your other Christmas plants to keep them going strong: poinsettia, Christmas cactus, cyclamen, and amaryllis.
Robin Sweetser
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I love my kalanchoe, but it rarely blooms, and the leaves are small. It tends to get very leggy. I have it in a sunny south window and fertilize half strength with miracle grow every week or 2. What am I doing wrong? Also seems to be very susceptible to bugs of any kind. We live in the desert southwest, so its a hot, dry climate.
1. No direct sun especially in the southwest. 2. Leggy: trim back when leggy. 3. I love Miracle Grow on many plants in my home and gardens. Not in the heavy dose you are feeding it and this may (probably is) be way too potent. That will promote green growth but not buds and contributing to leggy if over-fed. 4. Plants that are not healthy will somehow attract bugs and other infections and fungi.
I suggest repotting with a mix like the one suggested at this fine website. Get a proper fertilizer for this plant and be aware of seasonal changes in feeding. Get it out of the window and place it next to the window or other point that is sunny and bright without direct sun. I keep succulents in a north window up in Zone 5 Michigan with afternoon sun entering indirectly from a south window. Low in the sky, the direct sun light in the fall and winter months are welcomed in the morning and the blooming Christmas and Easter Cacti love it there too.
These Kalanchoe have the reputation of being 'very hardy'. If you have not killed it yet there is much hope for survival in the desert. When repotting be sure to see if the roots have been leggy too and trim off excess or damaged old root. Great fun and good luck.
Bub
You might be feeding it too much. The soft, leggy growth that overfertilization causes is very attractive to bugs. Try cutting it back to encourage new growth. Only feed it monthly spring to fall. Also, are you giving it a dark rest period in fall? It needs that to set buds. During that time cut back on watering, don’t fertilize at all, and make sure the plant gets 14 hours of darkness. Also, in your hot climate it might be difficult to keep the plant cool enough during the rest period. Getting your Kalanchoe to rebloom can be challenging but it will be worth the effort.
Thanks! I restarted it this spring, and have been watering and feeding it less, esp this fall. It started budding about a month ago, and now the flowers are opening! I'm delighted! It's still tall, and doesn't have the huge leaves that you typically see in the stores. The flower bunches are also small, and this year, they're pale. Not the bright pink they used to be. But I'll keep working with it! I think, from re-reading the article, it's probably warmer than it would like to be.
