Also receive the 蜜桃恋人 Daily newsletter including gardening tips, weather, astronomical events, and more.
Planting, Growing, and Harvesting Peaches
Planting
For the best fruit production, peach trees should be planted in an area that receives full sun all day long. The morning sun is especially crucial because it helps to dry morning dew off the fruit and keeps it from rotting. Be sure to avoid planting in low areas, too, as cold air and frost can more easily settle there and affect the quality of your peaches.
Choose a site with well-drained, moderately fertile soil. Peach trees won鈥檛 do well in areas where the soil is compacted or remains constantly wet. Soil pH should be on the slightly-acidic side, between 6 and 6.5.
When to Plant Peach Trees
- Peach trees should be planted while they are dormant鈥攖ypically in late winter or early spring (depending on climate).
- In regions where the ground freezes during winter, hold off on planting until the soil has thawed and the ground is no longer waterlogged from snowmelt or heavy spring rains.
- It鈥檚 best to plant the trees the same day that you get them (if possible) to reduce stress on the seedling or sapling. Potted trees can tolerate not being planted for a little while, but bare-root trees should be planted as soon as possible.
- Select a tree that is about 1 year old and has a healthy root system. Older trees tend not to be as productive or vigorous overall.
How to Plant Peach Trees
- Dig a hole that is a few inches deeper and wider than the spread of the roots. Set the tree on top of a small mound of soil in the middle of the hole. Be sure to spread the roots away from the trunk without excessively bending them.
- For container-grown trees, remove the plant from its pot and remove any circling roots by laying the root ball on its side and using clean shears to cut through the offending roots. (Keep root pruning to a minimum, overall.)
- For grafted trees, position the inside of the curve of the graft union away from the sun when planting.
- Tip: Especially for dwarf or semi-dwarf grafted trees, the graft union must be 2 to 3 inches above the soil surface. If it鈥檚 any lower, the grafted tree (called the scion) may start to put out its own roots and grow into a standard-size tree.
- Do not fertilize at the time of planting.
- If you are planting standard-size trees, space them 15 to 20 feet apart. Space dwarf trees 10 to 12 feet apart.
- Most types of peach trees are self-fertile, so planting one tree is all that鈥檚 needed for fruit production.
An Alternative Planting Method
If your circumstances are suitable, you might want to try a technique practiced in England. It involves planting a peach tree鈥攊deally a dwarf variety鈥攐n the south side of the home (or other structure), directly under the eaves. Over time, the gardener prunes and trains the peach tree to espalier in a fan shape against or very near to the wall of the house.
Plastic sheeting is attached to the eaves and draped to cover but not touch the tree, similar to a lean-to tent. This keeps the tree dry in winter, and the tree enjoys the warmth of the sun鈥攄irectly and reflected off the house鈥攜ear-round. The plastic should be opened or lifted during bloom time to welcome pollinating insects and on hot, sunny days to ventilate the tree and prevent foliage burn.
Harvesting
- Peaches are harvested when they are fully ripe from late June through July and August.
- With peaches, it鈥檚 especially important to harvest at the RIGHT time.
- Though this timing depends on what type of peach variety, you can generally go by the color of the fruit. When peaches are fully ripe, the ground color of the fruit changes from green to completely yellow. No green should be left on the fruit. They should come off the tree with only a slight twist. The fruits found on the top and outside of the tree usually ripen first.
- Be careful when picking your peaches because some varieties bruise very easily.
- Tip: Peaches ripen faster in a closed paper bag at room temperature.
How to Store Peaches
- You can store peaches in the refrigerator in a plastic bag. They should keep for about 5 days.
- You can also make use of fresh peaches by making peach jam or peach butter.
- Peaches can also be canned or frozen for storage.
Catherine Boeckmann
ADVERTISEMENT
Hi Mike,
Peaches grow best in well-drained, moderately fertile soil in full sun. Please see our planting and care information at the top of this page. If the tree is not too big you may have better luck growing it in a container with some high quality potting soil mixed with compost.
Hi, not sure what variety we have but our tree is a few years old and finally has fruit. But they are the size of grapes and all falling off the tree. What can we do?
This question is answered below. Lack of pollinators, cold weather and too much or too little water can cause fruit drop. Fertilize your trees in early spring and early summer with a balanced fertilizer (20-20-20 for example). If you haven’t pruned your trees lately you may want to open the trees to sunlight, as shaded branches won鈥檛 produce much fruit.
We have 2 peach trees in our back yard. Each year they are producing more peaches, but either a pest or birds are getting to the peaches before they are fully developed. What can we do to prevent this?
Hi, Sharon: Great question! The first thing to do is really focus on identifying the culprits (it sounds like you are guessing mammals or birds), even if it means getting a motion-activated camera and/or camping out some night with a flashlight. Protecting peaches can be nightmarish. Organic pesticides might help. Some people put little booties on young fruit (do Web search). For squirrels and other rodents, a tree trunk barrier or baffle can sometimes work. For birds, netting. Sometimes all or most of the above are needed. It’s a peach of a challenge, to be sure. But put priority on figuring out what it is before worrying about what to do. Good luck!
What type of peach trees grow well in Oklahoma?
Here are best peach varieties that grow in Oklahoma. Contact your local cooperative extension for more detail as they all have different timings.
Yellow Fleshed:
Candor, Garnet Beauty, Sweethaven, Earliglo, Rubired, Sentinel, Redhaven, Clayton, Cullinan, Newhaven, Ranger, Glohaven, Bounty, Jayhaven, Loring, Cresthaven, Biscoe, Jefferson, Autumnglo, Ouachita Gold, Stark Encore, Parade, Flameprince, Fairtime.
White Fleshed: Erly-red-fre, Summer Pearl, Nectar, White Hale Nectarines, Earliblaze, Redchief, Cavalier, Sunglo, Redgold.
My husband and I purchased a home several months ago with a peach tree in the back yard. The tree now has tons and tons of tiny peaches growing on it. What do we need to do to ensure that the peaches develop good fruit? I have no idea how old the tree is but I would say at least several years.
Hi, Danielle: Thanks for the great question! What you need to do is simply observe. Since you and the tree are new to each other, and we don’t know the age of the tree (although hopefully it does), the best thing to do is leave it alone. If it turns out that most fruit don’t develop well, then you may want to prune back some blossoms next year to help the tree focus its energy. But right now we wouldn’t do anything, as it sounds like it’s doin鈥 just peachy by itself. Thanks again!
I PURCHASED A PEACH TREE FROM A NURSERY LAST SUMMER. THIS YEAR IT IS LOADED WITH BLOOMS. DO I NEED TO PICK THE BLOOMS OFF THIS YEAR?
